Cover of a Penguin Special that reprinted the papers produced for the International Conference on Economic Sanctions against South Africa held in London in April 1964. The conference was organised by Ronald Segal, with the backing of the AAM and the ANC. It was a major international event, chaired by Tunisian Foreign Minister Mongi Slim, with delegates from over 40 countries and papers from academic experts. They concluded that sanctions were ‘necessary, urgent, legal, and practical’. The papers were considered by a committee set up under a UN Security Council resolution.